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Building and Architectural Glossary

Architectural Drawings
Architectural CAD Services
Architectural Design
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Architectural Design
The act of working out the form, scope and layout of a structure, building or system by way of sketch, outline or plan. In the architectural context, it is the art and science of designing, drafting and creating a building or structure. Architectural design follows a process starting from conceptual design, design development and ending at construction documentation and execution

Architectural Documents
Any medium depicting architectural work regarding structure, buildings, or design whether built or un built. These documents include textual documents such as specification or letters; graphical representations such as drafts, drawings, prints and photographs and other media concerning the built or un built area. These may include unrelated works such as furniture, textile and ornaments, engineering works, landscape designs and stage designs.

Architectural Works
Any subject, structure and building or built work. It entails a study or a design of a structure, or the representation of a design as depicted on a drawing, model, print, or other medium

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Bidding
Making a proposal to carry out the required work for a project or the entire project at a pre determined price

BIM
Building Information Modeling; it is a set of information generated and maintained throughout the lifecycle of a building. It entails spatial relationships, geographic information, quantities and properties of buildings and their components which can be used the entire process of the life cycle of a building including construction and facility operation

Building Code
International, State or Local laws, rules or guidelines regulating building construction and demolition such as Codes on Building, Residential, Energy Conservation, Plumbing, Mechanical, Fuel Gas, Fire, Property Maintenance Codes, etc

Building
A discrete structure; roofed enclosed facility including building plant and equipment but excluding loose equipment and furniture required for use by the owner or user of their operation. If constructed in stages, each stage may be collectively noted as a separate building; or a collection or colony of smaller units of similar character and construction may be grouped as a single building

Building fabric
Base of the building forming the base of the structural elements of substructure such as foundations, stumps, earthworks as well as the super structure such as columns, floors, staircases, roof, external walls, windows and, external doors and finishes.

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Certificate of Completion
A Certificate released by the relevant Department certifying that the said building is safe and ready for occupation

Change Order
An order issued to specify change in the building contract regarding change in specification, turnover time and cost upon suggestion from the General Contractor or owner. The owner, contractor or architect must sign the change order to authorize it.

Consultant
A specialist in certain area(s) of specification such as lighting, interiors, plumbing etc. This person provides expertise and advice and may deliver tasks. A company hires a consultant to benefit from the expertise and cover the lack of it in house

Compliance assessment
Gauging the extent to which the building or structure complies with statutory and other requirements laid down by Local/ State or International body. These requirements include building codes, Acts, laws and by-laws, standards and other requirements

Computer Aided Design (CAD)
Allows the use of computer software to create accurate design, or modify and simulate a three dimensional building, structure or assembly. The use of computers to automate the process of creating and storing drawings increases ease of storage, editing, additions and deletion and visualization

Construction Documents
Drawings, specifications and addenda from and architect or design team that provide detailed requirements for a construction project. They include working drawings and specifications and detail all information required to construct a project as well as all legal requirements

Cost
In business and economic terms the cost of a subject can be defined as the value of inputs that have been utilized to produce the subject and hence, are not available. In building, construction and architecture cost can be defined as the payment for the possession, use, or accomplishment of an object or activity or the total expenditure for labor, materials, legal services, architectural design, financing, taxes during construction, interest, contractor's overhead and profit and entrepreneurial overhead and profit.

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Drawing
Is a technical architectural document/drawing showing the general appearance of a building, its environment and all its accessories. It includes all architectural drawings and contracts such as plot plans, floor plans, elevations, sections, details, schedules, etc. Exceptions include mechanical, electrical and structural drawings, as well as specialized data that are normally handled by specialists in those fields

Drafting
In the architectural context, drafting involves skill and technical knowledge and refers to the craft of developing blueprints of a building or structure after the conceptual design has been finalized

Detailing
Detailing process in the architectural design lifecycle follows the design development phase. It involves creating comprehensive manual or computer aided drawings of the specification and salient features of the building design. Creating a foundation for implementation of the design in real time it requires relationships between various elements involved in the structure and its design to be kept in mind.

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General Contractor
The foremost contractor who is responsible for the construction of an entire building or project, rather than just a portion of the work. The general contractor hired by the owner to plan and oversee the entire job. He/she often hires subcontractors who specialize in the various trades required for the job (i.e. plumbers, electricians, framers, carpenters, etc.).

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Job site
Refers to the construction site where the building is being constructed and the necessary work is being carried out.
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Local Codes
Local construction codes that add specific restrictions to State Building Codes. These are rules or guidelines that have been formulated by a local governing or regulatory authority regarding the design and construction of a building in the area specified.

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3D Model
Is a three dimensional representation of an architectural design or building. With the advent of CAD, building and structure can be pre visualized by way of models, renderings and walk through

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Pre visualization
Involves the use of specialized technology and software to create a real time virtual representation of a future design or proposed building. It can include animations, voice overs, environment simulations and animations, walkthroughs and 3D models

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Refurbishment
Modifications such as rebuild and replacement required to render a building or structure to be of acceptable condition. Some refurbishment works are required for not increasing the life of a building or structure but to ensure it attains its planned life span

Regulatory agencies
Are governmental and non governmental organizations that ensure that minimum levels of safety and quality are being adhered to in the construction of buildings. For this purpose they draft codes that have to followed during the design and construction process and may also conduct tests and analysis

Rendering
The conversion of a three dimensional model into a two dimensional image or design. Representation in colors or black and white of what the building is going to look like once finished from a certain point of view

Resubmitting
Submitting your web page address(es) to search engines after you've already submitted those addresses previously or after the search engine has already included your site in its index. Search engines don't like it when you resubmit as it simply clutters their queue with duplicate requests.

Required Standard
A level of quality that buildings must maintain, for each of condition, compliance, operational efficiency and functional suitability.

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Scope of work
The information provided by the client or owner regarding a project that describes the project work and provides the firm with the essential requirements of successfully completing the project.

Shop drawings
Drawings submitted by contractors/fabricators/manufacturers to explain the extent of the design understood by them and how their work seeks to complement or supplement the work of the architect.

Site
The physical land upon which the facility is located. This may involve one or more separate parts of land.

Site Infrastructure
All physical infrastructure located on the land such as site works, external services and structure but excluding assets within the building

Specifications
Notes that specify certain, materials, methods, and results in construction. They are divided in 16 Divisions, such as Site work, Concrete, Masonry, Metals, Wood and Plastic, Thermal and Moisture Protection, etc

Subcontractor
The general contractor may hire subcontractors to execute certain works or amenities of a building’s construction. They specialize in the various trades required for the job (i.e. plumbers, electricians, framers, carpenters, etc.).

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To scale
System of drawing a building so that each inch of drawing corresponds to a certain dimension in reality.

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Utilization
The measurement of actual hours as compared to scheduled or available hours. The downtime that represents the difference is often categorized by material shortage, equipment failure or other cause.

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Value
Of a building or facility is measured by the actual usefulness of it to its users or owners

Views
Is the communication of the overall architecture to all involved in the building and architecture process. The architect selects certain views to share and communicate with owners and stakeholders to provide a lucid description of his/her design.

Visualizations
Of an architectural design involves the use of digital technology to render the complete/incomplete design in a visually appealing and seemingly non technical fashion. It involves the creation of model and rendering to create virtual representation of the design as it would look once completed

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Walkthroughs
Architectural walkthroughs are 3D rendered representation of the architectural design using 3D and digital technology. Using basic mouse movements, one can effortlessly walk through a building or an environment and can visualize all its features.

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